Position Reference Systems: Essential Components of Dynamic Positioning

Position Reference Systems (PRS) are crucial navigational tools that provide positional feedback to Dynamic Positioning (DP) systems. These systems deliver accurate, real-time data about the vessel's position relative to fixed or moving reference points, enabling precise station-keeping and heading control in maritime operations.

Types of Position Reference Systems

1. GPS/DGPS (Global/Differential Global Positioning System): Satellite-based navigation providing global coverage and high accuracy.
2. LBL (Long Baseline): Acoustic system using seafloor transponders for precise underwater positioning.
3. USBL (Ultra-Short Baseline): Combines surface and subsea acoustic systems for tracking underwater vehicles or equipment.
4. Laser-Based Systems: Use laser technology to measure distances to fixed targets like offshore platforms.
5. Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR): Employs acoustic signals to determine position relative to subsea transponders.
6. Cyscan and Similar Optical Systems: Provide positional feedback using reflective targets and optical sensors.

How PRS Works in DP Systems

• Data Collection: Receives positional data from sensors or reference points.
• Real-Time Feedback: Continuously transmits data to the DP control system for analysis.
• Integration: The DP system combines input from multiple PRS to ensure redundancy and accuracy.

Applications of Position Reference Systems

1. Station-Keeping: Ensures precise positioning for offshore drilling, subsea construction, and vessel mooring.
2. ROV Operations: Tracks and supports remotely operated vehicles during underwater tasks.
3. Dynamic Operations: Provides stability during tasks requiring high maneuverability, such as cable laying or wind turbine installation.

Challenges in PRS Operations

• Environmental Interference: Signals may be affected by water depth, currents, or obstructions.
• Multipath Effects: Reflected signals can lead to positional inaccuracies.
• System Redundancy: Multiple PRS are often required to mitigate errors and ensure reliability.

Advantages of Using Multiple PRS

• Increased Accuracy: Cross-verification between systems reduces the likelihood of errors.
• Enhanced Redundancy: Provides backup in case of a single system failure.
• Flexibility: Allows operations in various environments, including deep water and areas with poor GPS coverage.

Lerus Training: Expertise in Position Reference Systems

At Lerus Training, we offer specialized courses on Position Reference Systems (PRS) and their integration into Dynamic Positioning (DP) operations. Our training programs include:

• Understanding the functionality and applications of different PRS technologies.
• Hands-on practice in integrating and managing PRS in real-world scenarios.
• Strategies for troubleshooting and optimizing PRS performance in challenging environments.

With expert instructors and advanced simulators, Lerus Training ensures maritime professionals are equipped to manage PRS effectively for diverse offshore operations.